How Car Engine Works PPT

Introduction

A car engine is a complex machine that converts the chemical energy of gasoline into mechanical energy that is used to power the car’s wheels. The basic operation of a car engine is relatively simple, but there are many details that can be confusing to understand.

This presentation will provide a detailed overview of how a car engine works. We will cover the following topics:

• The four-stroke cycle
• The components of an engine
• How the engine is lubricated and cooled
• How the engine is controlled

The Four-Stroke Cycle

The four-stroke cycle is the basic operating principle of a car engine. The cycle consists of four strokes: intake, compression, power, and exhaust.

1. Intake stroke: The intake valve opens and the piston moves downward, drawing air and fuel into the cylinder.
2. Compression stroke: The intake valve closes and the piston moves upward, compressing the air and fuel mixture.
3. Power stroke: The spark plug ignites the air and fuel mixture, creating a controlled explosion that drives the piston downward.
4. Exhaust stroke: The exhaust valve opens and the piston moves upward, expelling the exhaust gases from the cylinder.

The Components of an Engine

The main components of an engine are the cylinder block, the cylinder head, the pistons, the connecting rods, the crankshaft, and the camshaft.

• Cylinder block: The cylinder block is the main structural component of the engine. It contains the cylinders and provides a mounting point for the other engine components.
• Cylinder head: The cylinder head is located at the top of the cylinder block and contains the intake and exhaust valves.
• Pistons: The pistons are cylindrical metal pieces that move up and down within the cylinders. They are connected to the connecting rods.
• Connecting rods: The connecting rods connect the pistons to the crankshaft.
• Crankshaft: The crankshaft is a rotating shaft that converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion.
• Camshaft: The camshaft is a rotating shaft that controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves.

How the Engine is Lubricated and Cooled

The engine must be lubricated to reduce friction between the moving parts. The engine is also cooled to prevent it from overheating.

• Lubrication: The engine is lubricated by a system of oil passages that circulate oil throughout the engine. The oil is pumped through the passages by an oil pump.
• Cooling: The engine is cooled by a system of coolant passages that circulate coolant throughout the engine. The coolant is pumped through the passages by a water pump. The coolant is then cooled by passing it through a radiator.

How the Engine is Controlled

The engine is controlled by a variety of sensors and actuators that are connected to an engine control unit (ECU). The ECU monitors the engine’s operation and makes adjustments to the engine’s timing, fuel mixture, and other parameters.

The ECU is programmed with a set of operating parameters that are designed to optimize the engine’s performance and efficiency.

Conclusion

The car engine is a complex machine that converts the chemical energy of gasoline into mechanical energy that is used to power the car’s wheels. The basic operation of a car engine is relatively simple, but there are many details that can be confusing to understand.

This presentation has provided a detailed overview of how a car engine works. We have covered the following topics:

• The four-stroke cycle
• The components of an engine
• How the engine is lubricated and cooled
• How the engine is controlled