Car Engine Terminology

Engine Block

The engine block is the main structural component of an engine. It houses the cylinders, crankshaft, and other internal components. The engine block is typically made of cast iron or aluminum.

Cylinder Head

The cylinder head is located at the top of the engine block and seals the combustion chambers. It contains the valves, spark plugs, and other components necessary for combustion.

Pistons

Pistons are cylindrical components that move up and down within the cylinders. They are connected to the crankshaft by connecting rods.

Connecting Rods

Connecting rods connect the pistons to the crankshaft. They convert the up and down motion of the pistons into rotary motion of the crankshaft.

Crankshaft

The crankshaft is a rotating shaft that converts the up and down motion of the pistons into rotary motion. It is connected to the flywheel, which stores energy for the next power stroke.

Valves

Valves control the flow of air and fuel into and out of the combustion chambers. They are opened and closed by the camshaft.

Camshaft

The camshaft is a rotating shaft that opens and closes the valves. It is driven by the crankshaft through a timing belt or chain.

Timing Belt or Chain

The timing belt or chain synchronizes the rotation of the crankshaft and camshaft. It ensures that the valves open and close at the correct time.

Flywheel

The flywheel is a heavy metal disc that is attached to the crankshaft. It stores energy for the next power stroke and helps to smooth out the engine’s operation.

Intake Manifold

The intake manifold is a passageway that delivers air and fuel to the cylinders. It is connected to the carburetor or fuel injector.

Exhaust Manifold

The exhaust manifold is a passageway that carries exhaust gases away from the cylinders. It is connected to the muffler.

Turbocharger

A turbocharger is a device that uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine, which in turn compresses air and forces it into the cylinders. This increases the engine’s power output.

Supercharger

A supercharger is a device that uses a belt or chain to drive a compressor, which forces air into the cylinders. This increases the engine’s power output.

Intercooler

An intercooler is a device that cools the air that is compressed by the turbocharger or supercharger. This increases the air’s density and improves the engine’s performance.